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There is no evidence Post Date: Wed, 15 Oct 2008 15:33:44 +0000 Untoward Reactions. Untoward reactions to the organic mercurials occur infrequently. There is no evidence that they are in any way influenced by concomitant medication or by the underlying dis-ease. Autor of the post: Undefined Death in most instances Post Date: Wed, 15 Oct 2008 15:19:21 +0000 Immediate Fatal Reactions. These have occurred very rarely and only after intravenous adminis-tration. Death in most instances is believed to result from ventricular fibrillation, produced by a tran-siently high concentration of drug. Autor of the post: Undefined Symp-toms are often Post Date: Wed, 15 Oct 2008 14:59:57 +0000 Immediate Nonfatal Reactions. These may take a variety of forms, for example, flushing, pruritus, urticaria, dermatitis that may subsequently become exfoliative, fever, and nausea and vomiting. Symp-toms are often on an allergic basis. Autor of the post: Undefined Renal insufficiency or acute nephritis Post Date: Wed, 15 Oct 2008 14:42:57 +0000 Thrombocyto-penia, neutropenia, and agranulocytosis have been reported, and are often the result of sensitization to a specific mercurialThe classical symptoms of systemic mercury poi-soning may follow the injudicious use of mercurial diuretics (see Chapter 46).Contraindications. Renal insufficiency or acute nephritis constitutes an absolute contraindication to the use of the mercurial diuretics. Autor of the post: Undefined Mercaptomerin Sodium, USP (THIOMERIN) Post Date: Wed, 15 Oct 2008 14:26:13 +0000 Preparations and Dosage. There are currently only two official preparations of mercurial diuretics. Mercaptomerin Sodium, USP (THIOMERIN), is unique in that it can be administered by either the subcutaneous or intramuscular route. Autor of the post: Undefined Meralluride Injection, N F Post Date: Wed, 15 Oct 2008 14:13:56 +0000 Mercaptomerin Sodium Injection, USP, is available in 2-ml car-tridge-needle units, and in vials containing 2, 10, and 30 ml; the usual dose is 1 ml (40 mg Hg) but may range from 0,2 to 2 ml daily. Meralluride, N F (MERCUHYDRIN), is an organic mercurial that is com-plexed with theophylline to promote absorption. Meralluride Injection, N F, is available in 1- and 2-ml ampuls and is injected intramuscularly; the usual dose is 1 ml (39 mg Hg) and ranges from 0,5 to 2 ml. Autor of the post: Undefined Good results are sometimesobtained Post Date: Wed, 15 Oct 2008 13:58:19 +0000 Chlormerodrin Hg 197 Injection, USP, and Chlormerodrin Hg 203 Injection, N F, are organic mercurials employed only as diagnostic agents.THERAPEUTIC USESThe main use of the mercurial diuretics is in edema of cardiac origin. Good results are sometimesobtained in chronic nephrosis, the nephrotic stage of glomerulonephritis, and ascites due to hepatic cirrhosis or portal obstruction. Autor of the post: Undefined For these purposes the usefulness Post Date: Wed, 15 Oct 2008 13:48:04 +0000 Chlormerodrin has also been employed as a radiopharmaceutical for diagnostic purposes in the detection of diseases of the kidney and brain. The preferred isotope is 197Hg. For these purposes the usefulness of chlormerodrin depends on its tissue distribution. Autor of the post: Undefined Acetazolamide is the prototype Post Date: Wed, 15 Oct 2008 13:32:01 +0000 The dose of the radiopharmaceutical is itself sufficiently small to be devoid of pharmacolog-ical action. However, this may be preceded by the administration of a full diuretic dose of a nonradio-active organic mercurial, in an attempt to reduce radiation to the kidney from renal localization of the radiopharmaceuticalINHIBITORS OF CARBONIC ANHYDRASE.Acetazolamide is the prototype of a class of agents that have had limited usefulness as diuretics but which have played a major role in the development of fundamental renal physiology and pharmacology. Autor of the post: Undefined Reaction II is an ionic Post Date: Wed, 15 Oct 2008 13:14:16 +0000 History. In the early 1930s, Roughton demon-strated the presence in red blood cells of an enzyme, carbonic anhydrase, that catalyzes reaction I:co2 + í2î ±^ í2ñî3 Ë í+ + íñî3-Both the hydration and the dehydration reactions are under enzymatic control. Reaction II is an ionic dissociation that is virtually instantaneous and not subject to enzymatic acceleration. 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